Hull construction for submarine and like vessels



F. COSSUTTA.

CONSTRUCTION FOR SUBMARIN'E AND LIKE VESSELS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 10, 192i.

PatentedSept. 5, 1922.

iflzi gm.

INVENTOR Ferrucczlo Cdssui; ta.

FERRUCCIO COSS'UTTA, 0F TiRiIESTE, ITALY.

HULL CONSTRUCTION FOB SUBMARINE AND LIKE VESEIliiL-Si Application filed January 16, 1921. Serial No. 436,348.

(GRANTED UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE A GT 0F MARCH 3, 1921, 5:1 illlAT. L., 1313.)

T 0 oil whom it may concern Be it known that I, l 'nBRUcoIo COSSUTTA, a subject of the King of Italy, residing at Trieste, in the Kingdom of Italy, ha e invented new and useful Improvements in Hull Construction. for Submarine and Like Vessels (for which I have filed applications in Austris. April 25, 1916; in Hungary May 12, 1916, Patent No. 7,249 and in Germany, May 15, 1.916), of which the following is u specification.

This invention relates to hull construction of submarine and like vessels.

Heretofore designers of submarines have employed almost exclusively the circular form for the cross section of that part of the hull "hich has to stand the pressure of the w practically essential is that hulls of other shape of cross section require too heavy scantlings to attain the necessary strength of resistance. However, from the point of View of stability and sea-worthiness the circular form is far from desirable. For instance, the distribution of the equipment is disadvantageous with a circular shape and as a consequence the conditions for stability are far from being satisfactory; the equip ment which is heavy and occupies much space to be raised towards the centre of the hull, the lower part or" it being too restricted, and as a, consequence of the centre of gravity being comparativelv high the arrangement becomes detrimental to stiibility and it is necessary to employ ballast in order to obtain minimum, song-0mg; qualities.

The present invention has as one object the i n or these problems, i. e. to obtain a hull which does not require a greater quantity of material then one of circular shape while permitting of a more convenient distribution of weights and providing sufficient stability without the necessity of using ballast.

In the drawing accompanying this specification a preferred form of hull cross sec tion according to the invention is illustrated. The figure shows the sections of the inner or resistant and of the outer or not resistant.

hull of a submarine. The section of the inner hull which has to resist the pressure ofv submersion, and which forms the ob ect fee reason Why the circular shape is of the present application, is composed by two arcs of a circle or of a geometrical form which slightly differs from the circular form, and which intersectea'chmther ap proximately at the bilge. v i

The upper are (a) has a greater curva ture than-the lower arc (1)).

The pressure proportional'to immersion on the superior arc tends to produce a deformation by elongation in the sense of the vertical axis and to diminish the distance between the two points of intersection with the lower arc. The lower are, on the con trery, by effect of the pressure, tends to become deformed in such a manner as to separate the said twopoints ofiintersection, and these deformations of the two arcs partly compensate each other.

Calculations carried out with the utmost precision prove that in the form oi seetion described the bending moment on the top of the upper are is smaller than that on a purely circular section ofequal area.

In order to obtain the due resistance of the lower are certainly e greater quantity of material. is required than if the section were wholly circular. However, the usual structures for the bedding of motors, betteries, ete., form such a. stiffening that extra increase of material and consequently of weight can be dispensed with.

The weight of it hull built after this manner is not superior to that of a vessel of circular section of equal area or else equal displacement, but the advantages of the former with regard to the distribution of the installations, are obvious. With equal areas of cross section the horse-shoe section of the invention is much larger in periphery than a circular section, and the bilge of the hull is formed by the arc of a lar circle whereby the equipment which requ. es great space, such as internal combustion engines, electrical motors, electrical batteries, etc, can be placed much nearer to the bottom than in the case of a circular section.

This advantage has as e. consequence the attainment of a-suilicient'umount oi absolute stability when diving, doing away entirely with the dead Weight of ballast which is indispensable in the case or a. submarine of circular section.

forming the submarines deck can be made nearly flat, the whole forming a continuous surface "and therefore favorable o the behaviour of the hull when navigating on'the surface and in diving acting much like a torpedo, which it resembles in form.

It is of importance that in the section of the inner hull the lower are be less bent than the upper arc.

I claim:

1. A hull construction for submarine and like vessels in which a transverse section of that part of the hull which resists the external pressure consist of two elastic arcs of chi ferent'radii of curvature both. concave to wards the interior, and intersecting each other at two points substantially at the levei of the bilge, the arc 01 greater radius forming the bottom and the arc of less (radius the top and sides, of saicl section.

i 2. A hull construction for submarines after claim 1 comprising an outer hull structure the form of which in cross-section has a curved portion forming a' continuous curve with the lower arc of the resistant huil form, and a fiat u pper ortion.

FERR UCCI COSSUTTA. 

